Наукові публікації та патенти в рамках виконання держбюджетних науково-дослідних робіт 2019 р.

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Research to improve traction and dynamic quality of locomotives
(2017) Gorbunov, M. I.; Pistek, V.; Kovtanets, M.; Nozhenko, O.; Kara, S.; Kučera, P.
The article reviews and analyzes available theoretical and experimental studies aimed at improving the tractive and dynamic characteristics of locomotives. Based on the information received, the authors formulated the following tasks of further research to increase and stabilize traction and coupling qualities of the locomotive.
Slipping and skidding occurrence probability decreasing by means of the friction controlling in the «wheel-braking» pad and «wheel-rail» contacts
(2017) Gerlici, J.; Gorbunov, M. I.; Kravchenko, K.; Domin, R.; Kovtanets, M.; Lack, T.
Theory and practice of the innovative spring suspension design for locomotive to improve its traction and dynamic characteristics.
(2018) Gorbunov, M. I.; Kravchenko, K.; Kara, S.; Gerlici, J.; Bureika, G.; Steišūnas, S.
This paper deals with the methods and techniques of the locomotive dynamic characteristics improvement, decrease in force impact on the track, minimizing tire and rail wear by secondary suspension improvement. Based on the calculations carried out using the created mathematical models and experimental research, there are proposed series of construction solutions of the supporting and returning devices with rational characteristics, which allow improving traction characteristics of the locomotive and reducing its dynamic impact on the track in vertical as well as in horizontal planes, on the straight track as well as on the curved track. Moreover, the proposed solution can provide the locomotive body with the centering function relative to the bogie. The proposed body to bogie connection was tested using a special test stand and in operating conditions. According to the test results, the proposed construction of body to bogie connection can ensure the required rigidity and damping characteristics due to the design optimization.
Development of the theory and methodology of controlling the local tribological contact thermomechanical loading.
(2018) Gorbunov, M. I.; Kovtanets, M.; Kostyukevich, A.; Nozhenko, V.; Vaičiūnas, G.; Steišūnas, S.
Theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out, which confirmed the fact that the contact temperature is the most important factor affecting the entire complex of service properties of the contacting materials. The authors of the paper propose the control of the frictional interaction of the tribological contact by controlling the temperature by forced cooling, which will stabilize the coefficient of engagement of the wheel with the rail.
Experimental study of the influence of friction surfaces cooling parameters on the efficiency of the braking system of a railway vehicle operation.
(2018) Gorbunov, M. I.; Prosvirova, O.; Kovtanets, M.; Nozhenko, V.; Bureika, G.; Skrickij, V.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of cooling frictional surfaces on the efficiency of the braking system by experimentally determining the coefficient of friction and the temperature of the interacting surfaces under different methods and regimes of cooling. Experimental research established that the mathematical model of the disc brake thermophysical characteristics, which takes into account the adaptive cooling system, ensures a satisfactory match of the results of calculations to experimental data; the discrepancy does not exceed 10-12%. Analysis of the experimental data obtained allows concluding that adaptive cooling of the brake friction surfaces has a positive effect on the braking efficiency. Thus, the coefficient of friction when using this system is 15-30% higher, depending on the performance and temperature of the cooling air, than without its use. The average integral temperature of surfaces in frictional interaction is lower by average of 20-30% compared to the case when adaptive cooling is not used.
Creation of the image of the new generation freight car bogie.
(2018) Gorbunov, M. I.; Kara, S.; Nozhenko, O.; Fomin, O.; Vaičiūnas, G.; Petrenko, V.
Analysis of the operating problems of freight car bogies are carried out, analysis of the reasons for low dynamic qualities, which do not allow to increase the speed of movement. The main directions of the development of the bogies constructions are substantiated. The image of the new generation freight car bogie is formulated based on analysis, ideas of car building projects using the method of intellectual decision support. Concept image and patented technical solutions for implementation are solving the problem of minimizing the weight of the bogie (increasing of coefficient of mass utilization) by using a modular design, application of elastic-damping structures, prestressed state of structural elements. Technical solutions improve the strength characteristic and dynamic properties of the freight car bogies on the basis of the above principles of engineering.
Study of rail vehicles movement characteristics improvement in curves using fuzzy logic mechatronic systems.
(2019) Kapitsa, M.; Mikhailov, E.; Kliuiev, S.; Semenov, S.; Kovtanets, M.
The article deals with the effectiveness of reducing the level of force interaction of the rail vehicle wheels with rails in curved sections of the track through the use of mechatronic position control systems for wheel pairs in the rail gauge in the horizontal plane. The approaches to the creation of such a mechatronic system operating on the principles of fuzzy logic are described. To determine the angles of attack of wheels on the rails, it was proposed to use the acoustic emission indicators of the contact of the wheel with the rail. To determine the direction of curvature of the rail track, it is advisable to use data from navigation systems. The study of the dynamics of the rail vehicle during the passage of a curved section of the track in real time was carried out using the Matlab/Simulink software package. The proposed mechatronic control system for the position of the wheel sets in the horizontal plane allows to ensure their optimal installation under various driving conditions in the rail gauge. This makes it possible to minimize the angles of attack of the wheels and reduce the forces of the horizontal interaction of the wheels with the rails.
Dynamic load effect on the transportation safety of tank containers as part of combined trains on railway ferries.
(2019) Fomin, O. V.; Lovska, A.; Píštěk, V.; Kučera, P.
Maintaining the leading position of railway transport in the international transportation market led to the creation of its combined interaction with other modes of transport. In countries that have access to international traffic through the sea, rail-ferry services have been developed. At the initial stage of functioning of this symbiosis, only freight and passenger cars were transported by sea. At the moment, it has become possible to follow container trains on railway ferries by sea. An example would be the international Silk Road corridor, which connects Ukraine with China. Important components of this corridor are two rail-ferry routes through the waters of the Black and Caspian Seas.
Social threats in the digitalization of economy and society.
(2019) Khandii, O.; Хандій, О. О.
As Ukraine slowly moves towards the digitalization of the economy and society, new trends in the social and labour sphere are revealed that have become challenges to the traditional system of social protection and regulation of labour relations. The impact of digitalization on the social sphere is ambiguous and creates both new opportunities and social threats that have become the purpose of the study. The social threats of digitalization for the nation include moral and spiritual degradation of society, reforming the economy without taking into account social priorities, the growth of structural unemployment, and cyberthreats in the national security system. It is substantiated that the main social threats posing a danger to every person in the process of digitalization are the Internet dependency, personality degradation, decline in mental health, further income differentiation, unemployment increase, increased state control over income and expenses of each person, decrease of personal life security, increased risk of loss of personal information, financial resources as a result of cybercrime and human negligence, computer illiteracy, transfer of decision-making powers to machines. Recommendations for improvement of institutional support of digitalization are proposed in order to minimize social threats in society.
Contemporary economic development challenges of the industry in Luhansk region.
(2019) Klius, Y.; Kushal, I.; Pchelynska, H.; Chernodubova, E.
The modern Ukrainian economy is characterized by significant transformational processes that are accompanied by a transition from heavy industry to the agro-industrial sector. In recent years, traditional key domestic industries with high added value in production have substantially lost their positions in the domestic and foreign markets. Especially acute the crisis phenomena are observed in the areas that are involved or are bordered by the area of the armed conflict. Before the beginning of hostilities in the East of Ukraine, Luhansk region was among the five most powerful industrial and economic regions of Ukraine. Now the region has turned from industrial to agrarian. Therefore, the matter of analysing the impact of post-conflict transformation processes in Ukraine on the region's economic development and identifying the reasons that hinder transformation in the areas of post-conflict transformation is relevant. The article assesses the impact of military actions in the east of Ukraine on the economic performance of the industry in the region. The modern problems of Luhansk region industrial enterprises development are determined. According to the results of the macro-environment factors PEST analysis of the industrial enterprises in the region the main measures to overcome the crisis phenomena in the region's economy are determined.
Study into Improvement of the Hatch Covers of General-Purpose Open Wagons to Provide Strength under Operational Loading Diagrams.
(2019) Fomin, O., Gerlici, J., Gorbunov, M., Lovska, A., Kravchenko, K., Burlutski, O., Lack, T.; Fomin, O. V.; Gorbunov, M. I.; Lovska, A.; Kravchenko, K.; Burlutski, O.; Lack, T.
The article presents the results of research into the strength of the hatch covers of general-purpose open wagons. It was detected that strength of the standard hatch covers is not provided in operational loading diagrams. Therefore, new designs of the hatch covers for open wagons were proposed. The results of the strength calculation, implemented with the finite element method, make it possible to conclude that at basic and additional operational loading diagrams the strength values for proposed designs of hatch covers do not exceed the admissible values. The research conducted can contribute to a higher strength of the carrying structures of the bodies of general-purpose open wagons in operation, thus, guaranteeing a higher operational efficiency of the rail transport.
Інноваційний розвиток підприємств регіону на підставі на підставі структурних зрушень внаслідок постконфліктної трансформації.
(2019) Клюс, Ю. І.; Никитюк, О. В.
У статті досліджено генезис поняття «структурні зрушення» та його відмінності від суміжних понять, виявлено рівні проявлення структурних зрушень в економічних системах, запропоновано класифікацію структурних зрушень в інноваційній економіці та визначено їх функції, виявлено вплив подвійної природи структурних зрушень на рівень ефективності інноваційного розвитку підприємств регіону, досліджено причини структурних зрушень, запропоновано послідовність інноваційних структурних зрушень.
Активізація соціальних та трудових чинників економічного зростання на засадах сталого розвитку.
(2019) Хандій, О. О.; Khandii O.
Соціальне забезпечення економічного зростання пов’язане з можливостями суспільства та держави активізувати соціальний та трудовий потенціали, перетворити їх на ресурс, забезпечити їх ефективне використання для отримання приросту соціального та трудового капіталу. У роботі визначено місце та значення активізації чинників соціального та трудового потенціалів у забезпеченні економічного розвитку. Із використанням методу декомпозиції під час побудови дерева стратегічних цілей та завдань сформульовано цілі, завдання, напрями, механізми й інструменти активізації соціального та трудового потенціалів. Розроблено критерії економічного зростання на засадах сталості відповідно до Цілей сталого розвитку України. Запропоновано структурну схему процесу активізації чинників соціального і трудового потенціалів у забезпеченні економічного зростання. Economic growth on the basis of sustainable development requires appropriate social, economic and environmental support. Social support for economic growth is connected with the opportunities of society and state to intensify social and labor potential, to turn them into a resource, to ensure efficient use in order to obtain an increase in social and labor capital. The article is devoted to the study of ensuring economic growth on the basis of sustainable development through the revitalization of social and labor factors of development. The place and significance of the activation of factors of social and labor potential in ensuring economic development are defined in the article to achieve the purpose of the study. The method of decomposition was used to construct a tree of goals and strategic objectives of ensuring economic growth on the basis of sustainable development through the intensification of social and labor development factors. This made it possible to determine the directions, mechanisms and tools for activating social and labor potential. The criteria for economic growth on the basis of sustainability in accordance with the goals of sustainable development of Ukraine were developed to assess the impact of social and labor factors on economic development. The systematization of the directions of activation of factors of social and labor potential has allowed to propose a structural scheme of the process of activation of factors of social and labor potential in ensuring economic growth. The main elements of the scheme of the process of activating the factors of social and labor potential include the goal, internal components, directions, mechanisms, tools, measures of activation in terms of content and areas of influence. Conclusions were made about the role of human potential in society and the activation of factors of labor and social potential in ensuring the possibility of economic growth on the basis of balanced sustainable development.
Компенсаційний механізм як інструмент узгодження інтересів у взаємовідносинах «регіон-підприємство» задля сталого розвитку регіону.
(2019) Семененко, І. М.; Semenenko, I. M.
Робота присвячена питанням співвідношення інтересів підприємств і суб’єктів регіонального управління, а також пошуку компромісів, які виникають з приводу розподілу ресурсів та повноважень у взаємовідносинах «регіон – підприємство». Мета статті полягає у визначенні відповідних типів компенсаційних механізмів, які можуть виступати як результат пошуку компромісу та інструмент узгодження інтересів у взаємовідносинах «регіон – підприємство» задля сталого розвитку регіону. Наведено чинники, які впливають на готовність і бажання суб’єктів регіонального розвитку йти на компроміс, та визначено, що пошук компромісу відіграє роль у вирішенні проблеми організаційної розбалансованості. Для розв’язання цієї проблеми був проведений аналіз можливих співвідношень ресурсів виконавців (підприємства або регіону) та їх повноважень, результати якого дозволили визначити варіанти рівноваги/домінування між підприємствами та регіоном при виконанні проектів. Залежно від стану рівноваги/домінування визначено тип розподілу проектів і тип компенсаційного механізму, який потрібен для вирішення проблеми перерозподілу проектів за станами рівноваги/домінування. На цій основі можна стверджувати про подальший розвиток технології пошуку стійкого рівноважного стану між підприємством і зацікавленими у сталому розвитку регіону сторонами. The publication is concerned with the issues of correspondence between the interests of enterprises and the regional government entities, as well as the search for compromises arising on the distribution of resources and empowerments in the «region – enterprise» relationships. The article is aimed at defining the appropriate types of compensation mechanisms that can act as a result of the search for compromise and an instrument for harmonizing interests in the «region – enterprise» relationships in favor of a sustainable development of region. The factors, influencing the readiness and willingness of the entities of regional development to compromise, are presented, and it is defined that the search for compromise plays a role in solving the problem of organizational imbalance. To address this problem, an analysis of possible correspondence of resources of performers (enterprise or region) and their empowerments is carried out, the results of which allow to determination of the equilibrium/dominance options between enterprises and region in the implementation of projects. Depending on the status of the equilibrium/dominance, the type of project distribution and the type of compensatory mechanism needed to address the problem of project redistribution depending on the status of the equilibrium/dominance is defined. Upon this basis, it can be argued that the elaboration of a technology of finding a sustainable equilibrium status between enterprise and the parties interested in a sustainable development of region takes further steps.
Social justice and economic efficiency of the modern labor market.
(2019) Novikova, O.; Ostafiichuk, Y.; Khandii, O.
The purpose of the paper is to identify contradictions in the social and economic field in the process of achieving social justice and economic efficiency. Methodology. Methods of induction and deduction are used to determine the causal relationships; a systematic approach is applied to study research objects; abstract and logical methods of analysis, comparison and generalization allowed us to characterize the existing level of social injustice peculiar to the Ukrainian labour market. The results of the study are identified: manifestations of social injustice in Ukraine related to gender inequality in wages and different employment opportunities, income disparities in various sectors and regions, an increase in the gap between the income of rich and poor people, inconsistency between compensations for adverse working conditions and necessary expenses for labour rehabilitation, legal insecurity in informal, incomplete, and flexible forms of employment. Conclusions are made about their influence on the general situation on the labour market. Practical implications. To eliminate social inequality and injustice, ensure observance of labour rights and privileges, and create high social standards it is recommended to develop youth entrepreneurship programs; to provide free legal and informational support at the stage of opening own businesses and preferential lending and taxation in order to minimize youth unemployment; to develop a social unified agreement binding upon the execution of any work or provision of services to protect all participants in the social dialogue of the flexible and informal labour markets; to develop gender-sensitive personnel policies at all enterprises and organizations, to eliminate pay disparities, to develop state programs of promoting gender equality among legislators and senior officials to achieve gender equality; to attract the unemployed and economically inactive population for the growth of the labour potential of the country, which requires providing decent living conditions and remuneration to internally displaced persons, necessary working space for people with disabilities, creating a system of quality social care services for the elderly, sick and children with decent conditions and affordable services to people who receive social benefits in order to release the able-bodied population engaged in caring for relatives. Value/originality. The value of the research is the established facts of violations of human dignity and social injustice on the modern labour market and suggested recommendations for the elimination or minimization of them.
Контрольні випробування вагона-цистерни з метою оцінки залишкового ресурсу несучих конструкцій.
(2019) Фомін, О. В.; Прокопенко, П. М.; Бурлуцький, О. В.; Фоміна, А. М.
За останні роки відбулося значне старіння експлуатаційного парку вантажних вагонів, у тому числі вагонів-цистерн для перевезення особливо небезпечних вантажів. Сьогодні на залізницях України перебувають в експлуатації вагони-цистерни з терміном служби, який перевищує встановлений заводом-виробником. Аналіз технічного стану вагонів-цистерн після проведення планових видів ремонту показує, що значна їх частина перебуває в задовільному стані. Для вирішення питання про можливість подальшої безпечної експлуатації з вичерпаним терміном служби проводиться їхнє технічне діагностування та контрольні випробування. Проаналізувавши парк та технічний стан вагонів-цистерн для перевезення особливо небезпечних вантажів, ми виявили, що основну частину парку складають вагони-цистерни моделі 15-1407 для перевезення пропану, 15-1408, 15-1408-01, 15-1408-02, 15-1440, 15-1597, 15-1619 для перевезення аміаку, 15-1409, 15-1556 для перевезення хлору, 15-1519, 15-1780 для перевезення пропану-бутану, проте ці моделі вагонів перебувають у гарному технічному стані. Перелічені вагони-цистерни конструктивно відрізняються один від одного за такими ознаками: матеріал, з якого виготовляється котел цистерни; діаметр котла; кількість обичайок в котлі; захисне обладнання днища котла від пошкоджень під час аварій; захист арматури котла. Аварійна ситуація (особлива ситуація) – це ситуація, яка виникає в процесі перевезення внаслідок технічної несправності (відмови) частин залізничної транспортної системи або виникнення екстремальних зовнішніх чинників чи їх поєднань і яка характеризується порушенням дієздатності системи або створенням небезпечних умов експлуатації. Прикладами аварійних ситуацій можуть бути такі інциденти: удар автозчепу в днище котла цистерни, саморозчеп вагонів, підвищення тиску в котлі цистерни вище робочого тощо.
Духовність особистості як складник її життєствердного образу світу
(ПОІППО, 2019) Шевченко, Г. П.
Analysis of dynamic loading of improved construction of a tank container under operational load modes.
(2019) Fomin, O. V.; Lovska, A.; Gorobchenko, O.; Turpak, S.; Kyrychenko, I.; Burlutski, O.
An increase in the volume of bulk cargo transportation through international transport corridors necessitates the commissioning of tank containers. Intermodalization of a tank container predetermines its load in various operating conditions depending on the type of vehicle on which it is carried: aviation, sea, air or rail. The analysis of the operating conditions of tank containers, as well as the regulatory documents governing their workload, led to the conclusion that the most dynamic loads acting on the supporting structures during transportation by rail. Namely, during the maneuvering collision of a wagon-platform, on which there are tank containers. In this case, it is stipulated that for a loaded tank container, the dynamic load is assumed to be 4g, and for an empty (for the purpose of checking the reinforcement) – 5g. It is important to note that when the tank container is underfilled with bulk cargo and taking into account movements of fittings relative to fittings, the maximum value of dynamic load can reach significantly larger values. Therefore, in order to ensure the strength of tank containers, an improvement of their structures has been proposed by introducing elastic-viscous bonds into the fittings. To determine the dynamic loading of the tank container, taking into account the improvement measures, mathematical models have been compiled, taking into account the presence of elastic, viscous and elastic-viscous bonds between the fittings, stops and fittings. It is established that the elastic bond does not fully compensate for the dynamic loads acting on the tank container. The results of mathematical modeling of dynamic loading, taking into account the presence of viscous and elastic-viscous coupling in the fittings, made it possible to conclude that the maximum accelerations per tank container do not exceed the normalized values. The determination of the dynamic loading of the tank container is also carried out by computer simulation using the finite element method. The calculation takes place in the software package CosmosWorks. The maximum values of accelerations are obtained, as well as their distribution fields relative to the supporting structure of the tank container. The developed models are verified by the Fisher criterion. The research will contribute to the creation of tank containers with improved technical, operational, as well as environmental characteristics and an increase in the efficiency of the liquid cargo transportation process through international transport corridors.
Інституційне забезпечення державного регулювання соціальної безпеки.
(2019) Сидорчук, О. Г.; Хандій, О. О.
Role of International Organizations in Promoting Sustainable Development in Conflict-Affected Regions: Case of Luhansk Region in Ukraine.
(2019) Ivchenko, Ye.; Halhash, R.; Semenenko, I.
The article examines the role of international organizations in promoting sustainable development and achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) in conflict-affected regions by providing the case of Luhansk region, which since 2014 has lost a significant part of its territory, substantial industrial potential and has got numerous political, social and economic problems due to the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. The international research has already given successful experience of role of international organizations in promoting sustainable development of various problem territories. Investigation of case of Luhansk region is structured around the analysis of presence of international organization in Ukraine as a whole and in Luhansk region as a conflict-affected area, and their activities. Such analysis allowed to distinguish the main directions of international organizations' activities and identify the key sustainable development aspects and SDGs, the achievement of which is possible due to these activities. Even the cursory comparison of the budgets of the region and international organizations made it obvious that the local authorities are incapable of solving the emerged problems and achieving the SDGs in conflict-affected areas without assistance of international community.